What is the difference between gingivitis and periodontitis?

Gingivitis and periodontitis are both forms of gum disease, but they differ in terms of severity and progression.

Gingivitis is the early stage of gum disease and is characterized by inflammation of the gums. It is usually caused by poor oral hygiene, leading to the buildup of plaque and tartar along the gumline. Common signs of gingivitis include red, swollen gums that may bleed easily.

If left untreated, gingivitis can progress to periodontitis, which is a more severe form of gum disease. Periodontitis occurs when the infection and inflammation spread from the gums to the supporting structures of the teeth, including the bone and periodontal ligament.

Periodontitis can cause the gums to pull away from the teeth, forming pockets that become infected. Over time, the infection can lead to bone loss and tooth loss.

Common signs of periodontitis include receding gums, deep gum pockets, loose teeth, and changes in the bite. It may also be accompanied by symptoms such as bad breath, pus between teeth and gums, and gum abscesses.

It is important to seek treatment for gingivitis as early as possible to prevent it from progressing to periodontitis.